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You can write tests for your dbt models by following dbt’s documentation. When a pipeline runs, each dbt model block will run and then each test associated with that dbt model will be ran. For example, if you add a dbt block to your pipeline for a dbt model named my_third_dbt_model and a test file named test_my_third_dbt_model.sql with the following folder structure: 
demo_project/
|   dbt/
|   |   demo/
|   |   |   models/
|   |   |   |   example/
|   |   |   |   |   my_third_dbt_model.sql
|   |   |   tests/
|   |   |   |   example/
|   |   |   |   |   test_my_third_dbt_model.sql
Then whenever your pipeline runs, the test in test_my_third_dbt_model.sql will also be ran after the dbt run for the model my_third_dbt_model is complete. Any errors in the dbt test will also fail the pipeline run. The output of the test will be logged and viewable when inspecting the pipeline’s run and logs.

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Folder and file naming conventions

In your tests folder, you must mirror the path of the model you want to test. For example, if your model is named my_third_dbt_model and if its located under the folder named example, then your test file must be located here: 
models/example/my_third_dbt_model.sql

tests/example/my_third_dbt_model.sql
Note that the model file and test file have the same name (e.g. my_third_dbt_model.sql) and are nested under a folder with identical names (e.g. example).

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Example

The content of the dbt model named my_third_dbt_model is: 
SELECT 1 AS n_constant_number

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Failed test

The content of the test for my_third_dbt_model.sql that will cause a test failure is: 
SELECT n_constant_number
FROM {{ ref('my_third_dbt_model') }}
GROUP BY n_constant_number
HAVING (n_constant_number = 1)
Here is the sample output of a failed test for the above files: 
23:57:21  Running with dbt=1.3.0
23:57:21  Found 3 models, 4 tests, 0 snapshots, 0 analyses, 289 macros, 0 operations, 0 seed files, 6 sources, 0 exposures, 0 metrics
23:57:21
23:57:23  Concurrency: 1 threads (target='dev')
23:57:23
23:57:23  1 of 1 START test my_third_dbt_model ........................................... [RUN]
23:57:23  1 of 1 FAIL 1 my_third_dbt_model ............................................... [FAIL 1 in 0.76s]
23:57:24
23:57:24  Finished running 1 test in 0 hours 0 minutes and 3.08 seconds (3.08s).
23:57:24
23:57:24  Completed with 1 error and 0 warnings:
23:57:24
23:57:24  Failure in test my_third_dbt_model (tests/example/my_third_dbt_model.sql)
23:57:24    Got 1 result, configured to fail if != 0
23:57:24
23:57:24    compiled Code at target/compiled/demo/tests/example/my_third_dbt_model.sql
23:57:24
23:57:24  Done. PASS=0 WARN=0 ERROR=1 SKIP=0 TOTAL=1

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/src/mage_ai/cli/main.py", line 146, in <module>
    main()
  File "/home/src/mage_ai/cli/main.py", line 116, in main
    ExecutorFactory.get_pipeline_executor(pipeline).execute(
  File "/home/src/mage_ai/data_preparation/executors/pipeline_executor.py", line 28, in execute
    asyncio.run(self.pipeline.execute(
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/asyncio/runners.py", line 44, in run
    return loop.run_until_complete(main)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/asyncio/base_events.py", line 649, in run_until_complete
    return future.result()
  File "/home/src/mage_ai/data_preparation/models/pipeline.py", line 233, in execute
    await execution_task
  File "/home/src/mage_ai/data_preparation/models/block/__init__.py", line 147, in run_blocks
    await asyncio.gather(*remaining_tasks)
  File "/home/src/mage_ai/data_preparation/models/block/__init__.py", line 94, in execute_and_run_tests
    run_dbt_tests(
  File "/home/src/mage_ai/data_preparation/models/block/dbt/utils/__init__.py", line 466, in run_dbt_tests
    raise Exception('dbt test failed.')
Exception: dbt test failed.

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Successful test

The content of the test for my_third_dbt_model.sql that will yield a passing test is: 
SELECT n_constant_number
FROM {{ ref('my_third_dbt_model') }}
GROUP BY n_constant_number
HAVING (n_constant_number = 0)
Here is the sample output of a successful test for the above files: 
23:59:56  Running with dbt=1.3.0
23:59:56  Found 3 models, 4 tests, 0 snapshots, 0 analyses, 289 macros, 0 operations, 0 seed files, 6 sources, 0 exposures, 0 metrics
23:59:56
23:59:57  Concurrency: 1 threads (target='dev')
23:59:57
23:59:57  1 of 1 START test my_third_dbt_model ........................................... [RUN]
23:59:58  1 of 1 PASS my_third_dbt_model ................................................. [PASS in 0.72s]
23:59:59
23:59:59  Finished running 1 test in 0 hours 0 minutes and 3.00 seconds (3.00s).
23:59:59
23:59:59  Completed successfully
23:59:59
23:59:59  Done. PASS=1 WARN=0 ERROR=0 SKIP=0 TOTAL=1