Mage variables
There are four types of variable in Mage: Environment variables, runtime variables, block variables, and secrets.
| Variable Type | Scope | Creation | Reference | Encrypted |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Environment variable | System | Code | {{ env_var() }} | 🚫 |
| Runtime variable | Pipeline | Code/UI | kwargs or {{ variables() }} | 🚫 |
| Block variable | Block | Code/UI | kwargs['configuration'][key] | 🚫 |
| Secret | Project | UI | {{ mage_secret_var() }} | ✅ |
Here’s a brief overview of each:
Environment variables
Environment variables are a type of variable that is used to store configuration settings and other system-level information for operating systems and applications. These variables are accessible to any process running on the system, which allows multiple programs to share the same configuration information. Environment variables exist in virtually all operating systems, including Linux, macOS, and Windows.
When running Mage in Docker, Mage will inherit the environment variables from the host machine. You can also set environment variables in the Dockerfile. Read more about environment variables in Mage here and Docker here.
Runtime variables
Runtime Variables are a set of global variables that can be used by every block in a pipeline. These are useful for storing constants shared by multiple blocks or constants whose value is determined at pipeline runtime (hence runtime variables).
If you’re familiar with Airflow, you can runtime variables are similar to the Airflow “context” object. You can use runtime variables to pass information between blocks in a pipeline. Read more here.
Block variables
In addition to the global runtime variables that can be used by any block in a pipeline, there are also variables scoped at the block-level, meaning they are accessible in a specific block but not other blocks in the same pipeline. Block variables are not accessible by other pipelines that use the same block. Read more here.
Secrets
Secrets are a way to input sensitive information via the Mage UI that can be used by blocks in a pipeline. Secrets are stored in the Mage database and are encrypted. Secrets can come in handy when you have multiple users developing in an environment or are otherwise unable to use environment variables. Read more here.